Content, Punctuation and Spelling

KD 2.6

Content, Punctuation and Spelling Punctuation Uses Examples Capital letter Ø  for the first letter of a sentence. Ø  for countries, nationalities, languages, religions, names of people, places, events, organizations, trademarks, days, months, titles Ø  for titles of books, films, etc. Ø  for abbreviations Fishing is popular in Britain. Portugal, Africa, Russian, Moslem Joanne, John, Dubai, Geneva, the World Trade Fair, Jaguar, the Internet, Sunday, February, Mr. / Mrs. / Ms. / Dr. / Professor Silence of the Lambs OPEC, AIDS, WWF Full stop UK/ period US • Ø  at the end of a sentence Ø  sometimes after an abbreviation Ø  as the decimal point in figures and amounts of money. This is usually read out as ‘point’ Ø  to separate parts of email and web addresses. This is read out as ‘dot’ I’m going for a walk. Marton Rd. / Mrs. White / Dr. Evans £3.5 million http://dictionary.cambridge.org Question mark ? Ø  after a direct question Ø  to show doubt What’s your name? Sidney Morgan (1898? – 1972) was little known until after his death. Exclamation mark ! Ø  at the end of a sentence in order to show surprise/ shock, etc. Ø  to indicate a loud sound I can’t believe it! Ouch! Yes! Bang! Comma , Ø  between items in a list Ø  to show a pause in a long sentence Ø  when you want to add extra information Ø  ->before tag questions I need peas, butter, sugar and eggs. They didn’t want to eat before I’d arrived, but I was an hour late. Lucy, who I told you about before, will be coming. You do love me, don’t you? Apostrophe ‘ Ø for missing letters Ø  for possessives Note: 1.      words ending in ‘s’ don’t need another ‘s’ added 2.      it’s can only be an abbreviation for it is or it has. There is no apostrophe in the possessive form. I’ll (I will), it’s (it is), don’t (do not) Noah’s bike James’ house It’s raining Paris never loses its charm. Colon : Ø  to introduce a list or a quotation in a sentence Ø  in the US following the greeting in a business letter You need the following: paint, brushes, water, cloths. Dear Customer: Dear Mr Stein: Semi-colon ; Ø  to separate two parts of a sentence I spoke to Linda on Monday; she can’t come to the meeting tomorrow. Hyphen - Ø  to join two words together Ø  to show that a word has been divided and continues on the next line blue-black Everyone in the room was struck by his air of sadness. Dash – Ø  to separate parts of sentences Ø  to mean to The car – the one with the broken window – was parked outside our house. The London – Edinburgh train leaves every morning at eight. Quotation marks/ UK also inverted commas ‘ ’ “ ” Ø  to show that words are spoken Ø  to show that someone else originally wrote the words Note: Single quotation marks are more usual in UK English, and double quotation marks are more usual in US English. ‘I’m tired,’ she said. “Let’s go,” he suggested. She had described the school as ‘not attracting the best pupils’. Parentheses /brackets () Diagonal line /

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